The Department of Archaeology, premier centre for teaching and research in archaeology in South Asia was founded by the late Professor H.D. Sankalia in 1939. This department pioneered in the development of research in Palaeolithic Archaeology, Protohistoric Archaeology and Scientific Archaeology in India. At present we have experts in Ancient Indian History, Culture, Prehistory, Protohistory, Medieval Archaeology and related branches of Cultural and Biological Anthropology, Geoarchaeology, Palaeontology, Archaeobotany, Palaeopalynology, Archaeozoology, Archaeological Chemistry and Computer Science.
Library:The Deccan College Library is rated as the best library in India in the fields of Archaeology, Sanskrit and Linguistics. It is being managed by the Library Committee under the chairpersonship of Hon'ble Vice-Chancellor
Museum:The University has an exclusive museum on Indian Archaeology. Also there is a specialized Maratha History Museum. Both these museums provide tools for research, training and outreach programme.