Friday, November 22, 2024
Tweet
Pin
It
|
(1) General English
Candidate will be required to write a short Essay in English. Other questions will be designed to test their under-standing of English and workmanlike use of words.
PAPER I
(2) Geology
Section A: Geomorphology and Remote Sensing
Basic principles. Weathering and soils, Mass wasting. Influence
of climate on processes. Concept of erosion cycles. Geomorphology of
fluvial tracts, arid zones, coastal regions, ‘Karst’ landscapes
and glaciated ranges. Geomorphic mapping, slope analysis and drainage
basin analysis. Applications of geomorphology in mineral prospecting,
civil engineering, hydrology and environmental studies. Topographical
maps. Geomorphology of India. Concepts and principles of aerial photography
and photogrammetry, satellite remote sensing data products and their
interpretation. Digital image processing. Remote sensing in landform
and land use mapping, structural mapping, hydrogeological studies and
mineral exploration. Global and Indian Space Missions. Geographic Information
System (GIS) principles and applications.
Section B: Structural Geology
Principles of geological mapping and map reading, projection diagrams.
Stress-strain relationships of elastic, plastic and viscous materials.
Measurement of strain in deformed rocks. Behaviour of minerals and rocks
under deformation conditions. Structural analysis of folds, cleavages,
lineations, joints and faults. Superposed deformation. Mechanism of folding
and faulting. Time-relationship between crystallization and deformation.
Unconformities and basement-cover relations. Structural behaviour of igneous
rocks, diapirs and salt domes. Introduction to petrofabrics.
Section C: Geotectonics
Earth and the solar system, Meteorites and other extra-terrestrial materials,
Planetary evolution of the earth and its internal structure. Heterogeneity
of the earth’s crust. Major tectonic features of the Oceanic and
Continental crust. Continental drift geological and geophysical evidence,
mechanics, objections, present status. Gravity and magnetic anomalies
at Mid-ocean ridges, deep sea trenches, continental shield areas and mountain
chains. Palaeomagnetism. Seafloor spreading and Plate Tectonics. Island
arcs, Oceanic islands and volcanic arcs. Isostasy, orogeny and epeirogeny.
Seismic belts of the earth. Seismicity and plate movements. Geodynamics
of the Indian plate.
Section D: Stratigraphy
Nomenclature and the modern stratigraphic code. Radioisotopes and measuring
geological time. Geological time-scale. Stratigraphic procedures of correlation
of unfossiliferous rocks. Precambrian stratigraphy of India. Stratigraphy
of the Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic formations of India. Gondwana
system and Gondwanaland. Rise of the Himalaya and evolution of Siwalik
basin. Deccan Volcanics. Quaternary Stratigraphy. Rock record, palaeoclimates
and palaeogeography.
Section E: Palaeontology
Fossil record and geological time-scale. Morphology and time-ranges of
fossil groups. Evolutionary changes in molluscs and mammals in geological
time. Principles of evolution. Use of species and genera of foraminifera
and echinodermata in biostratigraphic correlation. Siwalik vertebrate
fauna and Gondwana flora, evidence of life in Precambrian times, different
microfossil groups and their distribution in India.
PAPER II
(3) Geology
Section A : Mineralogy
Physical, chemical and crystallographic characteristics of common rock
forming silicate mineral groups. Structural classification of silicates.
Common minerals of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Minerals of the carbonate,
phosphate, sulphide and halide groups.
Optical properties of common rock forming silicate minerals, uniaxial
and biaxial minerals. Extinction angles, pleochroism, birefringenece of
minerals and their relation with mineral composition. Twinned crystals.
Dispersion. The U-stage.
Section B: Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology
Forms, textures and structures of igneous rocks. Silicate melt equilibria,
binary and pernery phase diagrams. Petrology and geotectonic evolution
of granites, basalts, andesites and alkaline rocks. Petrology of gabbros,
kimberlites, anorthosites and carbonatites. Origin of primary basic magmas.
Textures and structures of metamorphic rocks. Regional and contact metamorphism
of pelitic and impure calcareous rocks. Mineral assemblages and P/T conditions.
Experimental and thermodynamic appraisal of metamorphic reactions. Characteristics
of different grades and facies of metamorphism. Metasomatism and granitization,
migmatites. Plate tectonics and metamorphic zones. Paired metamorphic
belts.
Section C: Sedimentology
Provenance and diagenesis of sediments. Sedimentary textures. Framework
matrix and cement of terrigenous sediments. Definition, measurement and
interpretation of grain size. Elements of hydraulics. Primary structures,
palaeocurrent analysis. Biogenic and chemical sedimentary structures.
Sedimentary environment and facies. Facies modelling for marine, non-marine
and mixed sediments. Tectonics and sedimentation. Classification and definition
of sedimentary basins, Sedimentary basins of India. Cyclic sediments.
Seismic and sequence stratigraphy. Purpose and scope of basin analysis.
Structure contours and isopach maps.
Section D: Geochemistry
Earth in relation to the solar system and universe, cosmic abundance of
elements. Composition of the planets and meteorites. Structure and composition
of earth and distribution of elements. Trace elements. Elementary crystal
chemistry and thermodynamics. Introduction to isotope geochemistry. Geochemistry
of hydrosphere, biosphere and atmosphere. Geochemical cycle and principles
of geochemical prospecting.
Section E: Environmental Geology
Concepts and principles. Natural hazards preventive/precautionary measures
floods, landslides, earthquakes, river and coastal erosion. Impact assessment
of anthropogenic activities such as urbanization, open cast mining and
quarrying, river-valley projects, disposal of industrial and radio-active
waste, excess withdrawal of ground water, use of fertilizers, dumping
of ores, mine waste and fly-ash. Organic and inorganic contamination of
ground water and their remedial measures. Soil degradation and remedial
measures. Environment protection legislative measures in India.
PAPER III
(4) Geology
Section A: Indian mineral deposits and mineral economics
Occurrence and distribution in India of metalliferous deposits base
metals, iron, manganese, aluminium, chromium, nickel, gold, silver,
molybdenum. Indian deposits of non-metals mica, asbestos, barytes, gypsum,
graphite, apatite and beryl. Gemstones, refractory minerals, abrasives
and minerals used in glass, fertilizer, paint, ceramic and cement industries.
Building stones. Phosphorite deposits. Placer deposits, rare earth minerals.Strategic,
critical and essential minerals. India’s status in mineral production.
Changing patterns of mineral consumption. National Mineral Policy. Mineral
Concession Rules. Marine mineral resources and Law of Sea.
Section B: Ore genesis
Ore deposits and ore minerals. Magmatic processes of mineralisation.
Porphyry, skarn and hydrothermal mineralisation. Fluid inclusion studies.
Mineralisation associated with (i) ultramafic, mafic and acidic rocks,
(ii) greenstone belts, (iii) komatiites, anorthosites and kimberlites
and (iv) submarine volcanism. Magma-related mineralisation through geological
time. Stratiform and stratabound ores. Ores and metamorphism cause and
effect relations.
Section C: Mineral exploration
Methods of surface and subsurface exploration, prospecting for economic
minerals drilling, sampling and assaying. Geophysical techniques gravity,
electrical, magnetic, airborne and seismic. Geomorphological and remote
sensing techniques. Geobotanical and geochemical methods. Borehole logging
and surveys for deviation.
Section D: Geology of fuels
Definition, origin of coal. Stratigraphy of coal measures. Fundamentals
of coal petrology, peat, lignite, bituminous and anthracite coal. Microscopic
constituents of coal. Industrial application of coal petrology. Indian
coal deposits. Diagenesis of organic materials.
Origin, migration and entrapment of natural hydorcarbons. Characters
of source and reservoir rocks. Structural, stratigraphic and mixed traps.
Techniques of exploration. Geographical and geological distributions
of onshore and offshore petroliferous basins of India.
Mineralogy and geochemistry of radioactive minerals. Instrumental techniques
of detection and measurement of radioactivity. Radioactive methods for
prospecting and assaying of mineral deposits. Distribution of radioactive
minerals in India. Radioactive methods in petroleum exploration well
logging techniques. Nuclear waste disposal geological constraints.
Section E: Engineering geology
Mechanical properties of rocks and soils. Geological investigations
for river valley projects Dams and reservoirs; tunnels types, methods
and problems. Bridges types and foundation problems. Shoreline engineering.
Landslides classification, causes, prevention and rehabilitation. Concrete
aggregates sources, alkali-aggregate reaction. Aseismic designing seismicity
in India and earthquake-resistant structures. Problems of groundwater
in engineering projects. Geotechnical case studies of major projects
in India.
(5) Hydrogeology
Section A: Origin, occurrence and distribution of water
Origin of water: meteoric, juvenile, magmatic and sea waters. Hydrologic
cycle: precipitation, runoff, infiltration and evapotranspiration. Hydrographs.
Subsurface movement and vertical distribution of groundwater. Springs.
Classification of aquifers. Concepts of drainage basin and groundwater
basin. Hydrological properties of rocks - specific yield, specific retention,
porosity, hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, storage coefficient.
Water table fluctuations - causative factors, concept of barometric and
tidal efficiencies. Water table contour maps. Classification of rocks
with respect to their water bearing characteristics. Hydrostratigraphic
units. Groundwater provinces of India. Hydrogeology of arid zones of India,
wet lands.
Section B: Well hydraulics and well design.
Theory of groundwater flow, Darcy’s Law and its applications, determination
of permeability in laboratory and in field. Types of wells, drilling methods,
construction, design, development and maintenance of wells, specific capacity
and its determination. Unconfined, confined, steady, unsteady and radial
flow conditions. Pump tests - methods, data analysis and interpretation
for hydrogeologic boundaries. Evaluation of aquifer parameters using Thiem,
Theis, Jacob and Walton methods. Groundwater modelling - numerical and
electrical models.
Section C: Groundwater chemistry
Groundwater quality - physical and chemical properties of water, quality
criteria for different uses, graphical presentation of water quality data,
groundwater quality in different provinces of India - problems of arsenic
and fluoride. Saline water intrusion in coastal and other aquifers and
its prevention. Radioisotopes in hydrogeological studies. Groundwater
contamination.
Section D: Groundwater exploration
Geological - lithological and structural mapping, fracture trace analysis.
Hydrogeological - lithological classification with respect to hydrologic
properties. Hydraulic continuity in relation to geologic structures. Location
of springs. Remote sensing - Hydrogeomorphic mapping of the terrain using
different images of different satellite missions. Lineament mapping. Shallow
groundwater potential zone mapping using satellite images. Surface geophysical
methods - seismic, gravity, geo-electrical and magnetic. Subsurface geophysical
methods - well logging for delineation of aquifers and estimation of water
quality.
Section E: Groundwater problems and management
Groundwater problems related to foundation work, mining, canals and tunnels.
Problems of overexploitation and groundwater mining. Groundwater development
in urban areas and rain water harvesting. Artificial recharge methods.
Groundwater problems in arid regions and remediation. Groundwater balance
and methods of estimation. Groundwater legislation. Sustainability criteria
and managing renewable and nonrenewable groundwater resources.
Find it Useful ? Help Others by Sharing Online
Comments and Discussions |
Related
Competitive Exams
|
|||
|
|
