Wednesday, December 18, 2024
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Paper-I
Section A
1. Soil and Water Conservation: Scope of soil and water conservation.
Mechanics and types of erosion, their causes. Rainfall, runoff and sedimentation
relationships and their measurement. Soil erosion control measures - biological
and engineering including stream bank protection-vegetative barriers,
contour bunds, contour trenches, contour stone walls, contour ditches,
terraces, outlets and grassed waterwyas. Gully control structures - temporary
and permanent - design of permanent soil conservation structures such
as chute, drop and drop inlet spillways. Design of farm ponds and percolation
ponds. Principles of flood control-flood routing. Watershed Management
- investigation, planning and implementation - selection of priority areas
and water shed work plan, water harvesting and moisture conservation.
Land development - levelling, estimation of earth volumes and costing.
Wind Erosion process - design fo shelter belts and wind brakes and their
management. Forest (Cnservation) Act.
2. Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing: Basic characteristics of photographic
images, interpretation keys, equipment for interpretation, imagery interpretation
for land use, geology, soil and forestry.
Remote sensing - merits and demerits of conventional and remote sensing
approaches. Types of satellite images, fundamentals of satellite image
interpretation, teachniques of visual and digital interpretations for
soil, water and land use management. Use of GIS in planning and development
of watersheds, forests including forest cover, water resources etc.
Paper-I
Section B
3. Irrigation and Drainage: Sources of water for irrigation. Planning
and design of minor irrigation projects. Techniques of measuring soil
moisture - laboratory and in situ, Soil-water plant relationships. Water
requirement of crops. Planning conjunctive use of surface and ground weater.
Measurement of irrigation water, measuring devices - orifices, weirs and
flumes. Methods of irrigation - surface, sprinkler and drip, fertigation.
Irrigation efficiencies and their estimation. Design and construction
of canals, field channels, underground pipelines, head-gates, diversion
boxes and structures for road crossing.
Occurrence of ground water, hydraulics of wells, types of wells (tube
wells and open wells) and their construction. Well development and testing.
Pumps-types, selection and installation. Rehabilitation of sick and failed
wells.
Drainage causes of waterlogging and salt problem. Methods of drainage—
drainage of irrigated and unirrigated lands, design of surface, sub-surface
and vertical drainage systems. Improvement and utilization of poor quality
water. Reclamation of saline and alkali soils. Economics of irrigation
and drainage systems. Use of waste water for irrigation — standards
of waste water for sustained irrigation, feasibility and economics.
4. Agricultural Structures: Site selection, design and construction of
farmstead - farm house, cattle shed, dairy bam, poultry shed, hog housing,
machinery and implement shed, storage structures for food grains, feed
and forage. Design and consturction of fences and farm roads. Structures
for plant environment - green houses, poly houses and shade houses. Common
building materials used in construction - timber, brick, stone, tiles,
concrete etc and their properties. Water supply, drainage and sanitation
system.
Paper-II
Section A
1. Farm Power and Machinery : Agricultural mechanization and its scope.
Sources of farm power - animate and electro-mechanical. Thermodynamics,
construction and working of internal combustion engines. Fuel, ignition,
lubrication, cooling and governing system of IC engines. Different types
of tractors and power tillers. Power tramsmission, ground drive, power
take off (p.t.o.) and control systems. Operation and maintenance of farm
machinery for primary and secondary tillage. Traction theory. Sowing transplanting
and interculture implements and tools. Plant protection equipment - spraying
and dusting. Harvesting, threshing and combining equipment. Machinery
for earth moving and land development - methods and cost estimation. Ergonomics
of man-machine system. Machinery for horticulture and agro-forestry, feeds
and forages. Haulage of agricultural and forest produce.
2. Agro-energy : Energy requirements of agricultural operations and agro-processing.
Selection, installation, safety and maintenance of electric motors for
agricultural applications. Solar (thermal and photovoltoic), wind and
bio-gas energy and their utilization in agriculture. Gasification of biomass
for running IC engines and for electric power generation. Energy efficient
cooking stoves and alternate cooking fuels. Distribution of electricity
for agricultural and agro-industrial applications.
Paper-II
Section B
3. Agricultural Process Engineering : Post harvest technology of crops
and its scope. Engineering properties of agricultural produces and by-products.
Unit operations - clearning grading, size reduction, densification, concentration,
drying/dehydration, evaporation, filtration, freezing and packaging of
agricultural produces and by-products. Material handling equipment - belt
and screw conveyors, bucket elevators, their capacity and power requirement.
Processing of milk and dairy products - homogenization, cream separation,
pasteurization, sterilization, spray and roller drying, butter making,
ice cream, cheese and shrikhand manufacture. Waste and by-product utilization
- rice husk, rice bran, sugarcane bagasse, plant residues and coir pith.
4. Instrumentation and computer applications in Agricultural Engineering
: Electronic devices and their characteristics - rectifiers, amplifiers,
oscillators, multivibrators. Digital circuits — sequential and combinational
system. Application of microprocessors in data acquisition and control
of agricultural engineering processes- measurement systems for level,
flow, strain, force, torque, power, pressure, vaccum and temperature.
Computers — introduction, input/output devices, central processing
unit, memory devices, operating systems, processors, keyboards and printers.
Algorithms, flowchart specification, programme translation and problem
analysis in Agricultural Engineering. Multimedia and Audio-Visual aids.
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